Isoamyl Nitrite (CAS 110-46-3): Properties, Uses & Applications

About This Product:

CAS Number                              : 110-46-3

Molecular Weight                     : 117.15

Molecular Formula                  : C₅H₁₁NO₂

Synonym(s)                         :  Nitrous Acid, 3-Methylbutyl Ester;
Isopentyl Alcohol, Nitrite; Aspiral;
Isopentyl Nitrite; Nitramyl; Vaporole;
3-Methylbutanol Nitrite; 3-Methylbutyl Nitrite; Amilnitrite;
Nitrous Acid, Isopentyl Ester; IPN; Amyl Nitrite; ”Amyl Nitrite”,

Physical Properties:

Appearance                                      :  Yellow color liquid

Purity                                                 : >96.00% (GC)

Stability                                             : 0.2% Sodium carbonate or potassium carbonate

Melting Point                                  : NA

Boiling Point                                   : 99°C

Storage Temperature                 :  Store at 2°C to 8°C

Conditions to avoid                      : Air and Light sensitive

LOD                                                     : NA

Solubility                                          : Chloroform, Methanol (slightly)

Density                                               : 0.872 g/mL

Moisture content                           : 0.50 %

Isoamyl nitrite, also known as isopenyl nitrite, is used for the generation of benzyne from anthranilic acid. It is a smooth muscle relaxant that may be suitable as nitrovasodilators and as recreational drugs known as poppers.

Uses of Isoamyl Nitrite CAS 110-46-3

• Vasodilator:Relaxes blood vessels, used for treating heart conditions like angina.
• Antidote for Cyanide Poisoning:Oxidizes hemoglobin to methemoglobin, which binds cyanide, forming non-toxic cyano-methemoglobin.
• Cardiovascular Stress Testing:Used in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy tests to provoke obstruction.

Chemical & Research Applications

• Nitrosating Agent:Used in organic synthesis, such as preparing diazonium salts.
• Radical Initiator:Helps functionalize carbon nanotubes.
• Synthesis Intermediate:Creates complex molecules, including arylazo phosphine oxides and peroxynitrite.
• Benzyne Generation:A reagent for producing benzyne from anthranilic acid.

Other Properties & Considerations

• Psychoactive Effects:Causes flushing, dizziness, and a rush due to vasodilation, sometimes used recreationally (known as “poppers”).
• Sensitivity:Sensitive to air, light, and heat; typically stabilized with potassium carbonate for storage.

Applications:

• Nitrosating Agent:Converts amines to diazonium salts and is used in synthesizing complex organic molecules.
• Radical Initiator:Functionalizes carbon nanotubes.
• Aryne Generation:Precursor for creating highly reactive aryne intermediates in organic chemistry.
• Oxidant:Acts as an oxidizing agent in various reactions, including converting phenols to quinones.
• Cleaning:Used as a solvent and cleaning agent for printed circuit boards (PCBs).
• Replacement:Considered a potential replacement for Freon.